/*  Part of SWI-Prolog

    Author:        Jan Wielemaker
    E-mail:        J.Wielemaker@vu.nl
    WWW:           http://www.swi-prolog.org
    Copyright (c)  2002-2025, University of Amsterdam
                              VU University Amsterdam
                              SWI-Prolog Solutions b.v.
    All rights reserved.

    Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
    modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
    are met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.

    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
       the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
       distribution.

    THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
    "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
    LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
    FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
    COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
    INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
    BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
    LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
    CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
    LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
    ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
    POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include <config.h>
#include <SWI-Stream.h>			/* encoding */
#include <SWI-Prolog.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_H
#include <malloc.h>
#endif
#include "error.h"
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <wctype.h>
#include "xml_unicode.h"
#include "dtd.h"
#include "utf8.h"
#ifdef __WINDOWS__
#define inline __inline
#endif

static atom_t ATOM_iso_latin_1;
static atom_t ATOM_utf8;
static atom_t ATOM_unicode;
static atom_t ATOM_ascii;

#define __COMPARE_AND_SWAP(at, from, to) \
	__atomic_compare_exchange_n(at, &(from), to, FALSE, \
				    __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST, __ATOMIC_SEQ_CST)

static inline int
COMPARE_AND_SWAP_PTR(void *at, void *from, void *to)
{
#ifdef _MSC_VER
# if SIZEOF_VOIDP == 4
  return _InterlockedCompareExchange(at, (long)to, (long)from) == (long)from;
# else
  return _InterlockedCompareExchange64(at, (int64_t)to, (int64_t)from) == (int64_t)from;
#endif
#else
  void **ptr = at;
  return __COMPARE_AND_SWAP(ptr, from, to);
#endif
}

#define CHARSET 256

typedef struct charbuf
{ char     buffer[1024];
  char    *bufp;
  char    *end;
  size_t   size;
} charbuf;


static void
init_buf(charbuf *b)
{ b->bufp = b->end = b->buffer;
  b->size = sizeof(b->buffer);
}


static void
free_buf(charbuf *b)
{ if ( b->bufp != b->buffer )
    free(b->bufp);
}


static int
room_buf(charbuf *b, size_t room)
{ size_t used = b->end - b->bufp;

  if ( room + used > b->size )
  { if ( b->bufp == b->buffer )
    { b->size = sizeof(b->buffer)*2;
      if ( !(b->bufp = malloc(b->size)) )
	return sgml2pl_error(ERR_ERRNO);

      memcpy(b->bufp, b->buffer, used);
    } else
    { char *ptr;

      b->size *= 2;
      if ( !(ptr = realloc(b->bufp, b->size)) )
	return sgml2pl_error(ERR_ERRNO);
      b->bufp = ptr;
    }
    b->end = b->bufp + used;
  }

  return TRUE;
}


static size_t
used_buf(const charbuf *b)
{ return b->end - b->bufp;
}


static bool
add_char_buf(charbuf *b, char chr)
{ if ( room_buf(b, 1) )
  { *b->end++ = chr;

    return true;
  }

  return false;
}


static int
add_char_bufW(charbuf *b, int chr)
{
#if SIZEOF_WCHAR_T == 2
  if ( chr > 0xffff )
  { if ( room_buf(b, 2*sizeof(wchar_t)) )
    { wchar_t *p = (wchar_t*)b->end;

      p = utf16_put_char(p, chr);
      b->end = (char *)p;

      return TRUE;
    }

    return FALSE;
  }
#endif

  if ( room_buf(b, sizeof(wchar_t)) )
  { wchar_t *p = (wchar_t*)b->end;

    *p++ = chr;
    b->end = (char *)p;

    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}


static int
add_str_buf(charbuf *b, const char *s)
{ size_t len = strlen(s);

  if ( room_buf(b, len+1) )
  { memcpy(b->end, s, len+1);
    b->end += len;

    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}


static int
add_str_bufW(charbuf *b, const char *s)
{ size_t len = strlen(s);

  if ( room_buf(b, len*sizeof(wchar_t)) )
  { wchar_t *p = (wchar_t*)b->end;

    while(*s)
      *p++ = *s++;
    b->end = (char *)p;

    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}



static foreign_t
do_quote(term_t in, term_t quoted, const char **map, int maxchr)
{ char *inA = NULL;
  wchar_t *inW0 = NULL;
  size_t len;
  const unsigned  char *s;
  charbuf buffer;
  int changes = 0;
  int rc;

  if ( !PL_get_nchars(in, &len, &inA, CVT_ATOMIC) &&
       !PL_get_wchars(in, &len, &inW0, CVT_ATOMIC|CVT_EXCEPTION) )
    return FALSE;
  if ( len == 0 )
    return PL_unify(in, quoted);

  init_buf(&buffer);

  if ( inA )
  { for(s = (unsigned char*)inA ; len-- > 0; s++ )
    { unsigned char c = *s;

      if ( map[c] )
      { if ( !add_str_buf(&buffer, map[c]) )
	  return FALSE;

	changes++;
      } else if ( c > maxchr )
      { char buf[20];

	snprintf(buf, sizeof buf, "&#%d;", c);
	if ( !add_str_buf(&buffer, buf) )
	  return FALSE;

	changes++;
      } else
      { add_char_buf(&buffer, c);
      }
    }

    if ( changes > 0 )
      rc = PL_unify_atom_nchars(quoted, used_buf(&buffer), buffer.bufp);
    else
      rc = PL_unify(in, quoted);
  } else
  { const wchar_t *inW = inW0;
    const wchar_t *endW = inW+len;

    while(inW < endW)
    { int c;

      inW = get_wchar(inW, &c);

      if ( c <= 0xff && map[c] )
      { if ( !add_str_bufW(&buffer, map[c]) )
	  return FALSE;

	changes++;
      } else if ( c > maxchr )
      { char buf[20];

	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "&#%d;", c);
	if ( !add_str_bufW(&buffer, buf) )
	  return FALSE;

	changes++;
      } else
      { add_char_bufW(&buffer, c);
      }
    }

    if ( changes > 0 )
      rc = PL_unify_wchars(quoted, PL_ATOM,
			   used_buf(&buffer)/sizeof(wchar_t),
			   (wchar_t*)buffer.bufp);
    else
      rc = PL_unify(in, quoted);
  }

  free_buf(&buffer);

  return rc;
}


static bool
get_max_chr(term_t t, int *maxchr)
{ atom_t a;

  if ( PL_get_atom(t, &a) )
  { if ( a == ATOM_iso_latin_1 )
      *maxchr = 0xff;
    else if ( a == ATOM_utf8 )
      *maxchr = 0x7ffffff;
    else if ( a == ATOM_unicode )
      *maxchr = 0x10ffff;
    else if ( a == ATOM_ascii )
      *maxchr = 0x7f;
    else
      return sgml2pl_error(ERR_DOMAIN, "encoding", t),false;

    return true;
  }

  return sgml2pl_error(ERR_TYPE, "atom", t),false;
}


/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
(*) xml_quote_attribute/3 assumes the attribute is   quoted using "" and
does *not* escape '. Although escaping ' with &apos; is valid XML, it is
*not* valid html, and this  routine  is   also  used  by  the html_write
library.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

static foreign_t
xml_quote_attribute(term_t in, term_t out, term_t encoding)
{ static char **map;
  int maxchr;

  if ( !map )
  { int i;
    char **m;

    if ( !(m = malloc(CHARSET*sizeof(char*))) )
      return sgml2pl_error(ERR_ERRNO, errno);

    for(i=0; i<CHARSET; i++)
      m[i] = NULL;

    m['<']  = "&lt;";
    m['>']  = "&gt;";
    m['&']  = "&amp;";
/*  m['\''] = "&apos;"; See (*) */
    m['"']  = "&quot;";

    if ( !COMPARE_AND_SWAP_PTR(&map, NULL, m) )
      free(m);
  }

  if ( !get_max_chr(encoding, &maxchr) )
    return FALSE;

  return do_quote(in, out, (const char **)map, maxchr);
}


static foreign_t
xml_quote_cdata(term_t in, term_t out, term_t encoding)
{ static char **map;
  int maxchr;

  if ( !map )
  { int i;
    char **m;

    if ( !(m = malloc(CHARSET*sizeof(char*))) )
      return sgml2pl_error(ERR_ERRNO, errno);

    for(i=0; i<CHARSET; i++)
      m[i] = NULL;

    m['<']  = "&lt;";
    m['>']  = "&gt;";
    m['&']  = "&amp;";

    if ( !COMPARE_AND_SWAP_PTR(&map, NULL, m) )
      free(m);
  }

  if ( !get_max_chr(encoding, &maxchr) )
    return FALSE;

  return do_quote(in, out, (const char **)map, maxchr);
}


static inline int
is_xml_nmstart(dtd_charclass *map, int c)
{ if ( c <= 0xff )
  { return (map->class[c] & CH_NMSTART);
  } else
  { return ( xml_basechar(c) ||
	     xml_ideographic(c)
	   );
  }
}


static inline int
is_xml_chname(dtd_charclass *map, int c)
{ if ( c <= 0xff )
  { return (map->class[c] & CH_NAME);
  } else
  { return ( xml_basechar(c) ||
	     xml_digit(c) ||
	     xml_ideographic(c) ||
	     xml_combining_char(c) ||
	     xml_extender(c)
	   );
  }
}

static dtd_charclass *map;

static foreign_t
xml_name(term_t in, term_t encoding)
{ char *ins;
  wchar_t *inW0;
  size_t len;
  unsigned int i;
  int maxchr;

  if ( !get_max_chr(encoding, &maxchr) )
    return FALSE;

  if ( !map )
    map = new_charclass();

  if ( PL_get_nchars(in, &len, &ins, CVT_ATOMIC) )
  { int c;

    if ( len == 0 )
      return FALSE;

    c = ins[0] & 0xff;
    if ( c > maxchr )
      return FALSE;

    if ( !(map->class[c] & CH_NMSTART) )
      return FALSE;
    for(i=1; i<len; i++)
    { c = ins[i] & 0xff;

      if ( c > maxchr || !(map->class[c] & CH_NAME) )
	return FALSE;
    }

    return TRUE;
  }
  if ( PL_get_wchars(in, &len, &inW0, CVT_ATOMIC) )
  { const wchar_t *inW = inW0;
    const wchar_t *endW = inW0+len;
    int c;

    if ( len == 0 )
      return FALSE;

    inW = get_wchar(inW, &c);
    if ( c > maxchr ||
	 !is_xml_nmstart(map, c) )
      return FALSE;

    while(inW < endW)
    { inW = get_wchar(inW, &c);

      if ( c > maxchr ||
	   !is_xml_chname(map, c) )
	return FALSE;
    }

    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}


static foreign_t
iri_xml_namespace(term_t iri, term_t namespace, term_t localname)
{ char *s;
  wchar_t *w;
  size_t len;

  if ( !map )
    map = new_charclass();

  if ( PL_get_nchars(iri, &len, &s, CVT_ATOM|CVT_STRING) )
  { const char *e = &s[len];
    const char *p = e;

    while(p>s && (map->class[p[-1]&0xff] & CH_NAME))
      p--;
    while(p<e && !(map->class[p[0]&0xff] & CH_NMSTART))
      p++;

    if ( !PL_unify_atom_nchars(namespace, p-s, s) )
      return FALSE;
    if ( localname &&
	 !PL_unify_atom_nchars(localname, e-p, p) )
      return FALSE;

    return TRUE;
  } else if ( PL_get_wchars(iri, &len, &w, CVT_ATOM|CVT_STRING|CVT_EXCEPTION) )
  { const pl_wchar_t *e = &w[len];
    const pl_wchar_t *p = e;
    int c;

    while( p>w )
    { const wchar_t *n = get_wchar_r(p, &c);
      if ( !is_xml_chname(map, c) )
	break;
      p = n;
    }
    while(p<e && !is_xml_nmstart(map, p[0]) )
    { const wchar_t *n = get_wchar(p, &c);
      if ( is_xml_nmstart(map, c) )
	break;
      p = n;
    }

    if ( !PL_unify_wchars(namespace, PL_ATOM, p-w, w) )
      return FALSE;
    if ( localname &&
	 !PL_unify_wchars(localname, PL_ATOM, e-p, p) )
      return FALSE;

    return TRUE;
  }

  return FALSE;
}


static foreign_t
iri_xml_namespace2(term_t iri, term_t namespace)
{ return iri_xml_namespace(iri, namespace, 0);
}


static foreign_t
pl_xml_basechar(term_t t)
{ int c;

  if ( PL_get_char_ex(t, &c, FALSE) &&
       xml_basechar(c) )
    return TRUE;

  return FALSE;
}


static foreign_t
pl_xml_ideographic(term_t t)
{ int c;

  if ( PL_get_char_ex(t, &c, FALSE) &&
       xml_ideographic(c) )
    return TRUE;

  return FALSE;
}


static foreign_t
pl_xml_combining_char(term_t t)
{ int c;

  if ( PL_get_char_ex(t, &c, FALSE) &&
       xml_combining_char(c) )
    return TRUE;

  return FALSE;
}


static foreign_t
pl_xml_digit(term_t t)
{ int c;

  if ( PL_get_char_ex(t, &c, FALSE) &&
       xml_digit(c) )
    return TRUE;

  return FALSE;
}


static foreign_t
pl_xml_extender(term_t t)
{ int c;

  if ( PL_get_char_ex(t, &c, FALSE) &&
       xml_extender(c) )
    return TRUE;

  return FALSE;
}


install_t
install_xml_quote()
{ ATOM_iso_latin_1 = PL_new_atom("iso_latin_1");
  ATOM_utf8        = PL_new_atom("utf8");
  ATOM_unicode     = PL_new_atom("unicode");
  ATOM_ascii       = PL_new_atom("ascii");

  PL_register_foreign("xml_quote_attribute", 3,	xml_quote_attribute,   0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_quote_cdata",     3,	xml_quote_cdata,       0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_name",	     2,	xml_name,	       0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_basechar",	     1,	pl_xml_basechar,       0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_ideographic",     1,	pl_xml_ideographic,    0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_combining_char",  1,	pl_xml_combining_char, 0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_digit",	     1,	pl_xml_digit,	       0);
  PL_register_foreign("xml_extender",	     1,	pl_xml_extender,       0);
  PL_register_foreign("iri_xml_namespace",   3,	iri_xml_namespace,     0);
  PL_register_foreign("iri_xml_namespace",   2,	iri_xml_namespace2,    0);
}
