MANET Working Group Sanghyun Ahn Internet Draft University of Seoul Expires: May 27, 2013 December 3, 2012 AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering draft-ahn-manet-clustering-aodv-00.txt Status of this Memo This Internet-Draft is submitted to IETF in full conformance with the provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. This document may not be modified, and derivative works of it may not be created, except to format it for publication as an RFC or to translate it into languages other than English. Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), its areas, and its working groups. Note that other groups may also distribute working documents as Internet- Drafts. Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." The list of current Internet-Drafts can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id-abstracts.txt. The list of Internet-Draft Shadow Directories can be accessed at http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html. This Internet-Draft will expire on May 27, 2013. Copyright Notice Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the document authors. All rights reserved. This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/ license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect to this document. Ahn Expires May 27, 2013 [Page 1] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering December 2012 Abstract This document describes an extention on AODV [1] so that clustering of MANET nodes can be allowed for the improvement of MANET scalability. MANET clustering requires some MANET nodes to become Cluster Heads (CHs) and each non-CH MANET nodes to belong to any one appropriate cluster which is represented by a CH node.In this draft, AODV control messages are extended for MANET clustering. Table of Contents 1. Requirements notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4. Extensions on AODV Control Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4.1 Cluster Anouncement (CLAN) Message Format . . . . . . . . 4 4.2 Cluster Join (CLJN) Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5. Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6. Other Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Author's Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Ahn Expires May 27, 2013 [Page 2] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering December 2012 1. Requirements notation The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. 2. Introduction In a MANET where a subset of nodes grouping together such as in an office environment with a set of departments, MANET clustering is a good choice for the efficient communication among MANET nodes. For MANET clustering, some nodes are required to act as clulster heads (CHs) and the others as cluster members (non-CH nodes). A CH announces its existence by sending out CH announcement messages and each non-CH node joins to any one cluster after receiving one or more CH announcement messages from its nearby CHs. The detailed MANET clustering architecture is defined in a companion draft [2]. For this MANET clustering architecture to work in the MANET using AODV [1] as its routing protocol, AODV is required to be extended. Therefore, in this draft, we define how to extend AODV for the MANET clustering architecture of [2]. 3. Terminology Cluster Head The representative node of a cluster; the cluster head receives data from its cluster members and forwards the data to the cluster head of the cluster to which the destination belongs, and vice versa. Cluster Member The node belonging to a cluster Cluster Size The maximum number of hops from a cluster head to any one of its cluster members; assumed to be k Cluster Announcement Message The message sent by the cluster head to its k-hop neighbors to indicate its willingness of forwarding data from its cluster members Cluster Join Message The message sent by a node wishing to act as a cluster member to the cluster head upon receiving a Cluster Announcement message Ahn Expires May 27, 2013 [Page 3] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering December 2012 4. Extensions on AODV Control Messages For the cluster announcement and the cluster join, we extend the RREQ and the RREP messages of AODV, respectively. 4.1 Cluster Anouncement (CLAN) Message Format If a node wishes to act as a CH, it should sends out a Cluster Announcement message to its k-hop neighbors, where k is the cluster size. The CLAN message is extended from the RREQ message of AODV. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type |J|R|G|D|U|C| Reserved | Hop Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | RREQ ID | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination Sequence Number | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Originator IP Address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Originator Sequence Number | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Type 1 C Cluster flag; indicates whether this message is a Cluster Announcement message Hop Count The cluster size; the maximum number of hops from the Originator IP Address to a cluster member Destination IP Address The broadcast address (i.e., 255.255.255.255) Originator IP Address The IP Address of the node which originated this Cluster Announcement message Ahn Expires May 27, 2013 [Page 4] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering December 2012 4.2 Cluster Join (CLJN) Message Format Once a node receives a CLAN message, it replies back to the corresponding CH (i.e., the originator of the CLAN message) with a Cluster Join message, if it wishes to join the cluster announced by the CLAN message. The CLJN message is extended from the RREP message of AODV. 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Type |R|A|C| Reserved |Prefix Sz| Hop Count | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination IP address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Destination Sequence Number | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Originator IP address | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ | Lifetime | +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+ Type 2 C Cluster flag; indicates whether this message is a Cluter Join message Hop Count The number of hops from the Destination IP Address to the Originator IP Address; This is set to the Hop Count value of the received CLAN message minus one Destination IP Address The IP Address of the node which originated this Cluster Join message Originator IP Address The IP Address of the node which originated the corresponding Cluster Announcement message If a node receives a CLAN message, it decreases the Hop Count value of the CLAN message by one and, if the modified Hop Count value is greater than 1, it forwards it to its 1-hop neighbors. Otherwise, it does not forward any more. And if it wants to join the cluster, it sends out a CLJN message back to the originator node of the CLAN message. Ahn Expires May 27, 2013 [Page 5] Internet-Draft AODV Extensions for MANET Clustering December 2012 When the originator node of the CLAN message receives the CLJN message, it can determine the number of hops from the originator to the cluster member by subtracting the Hop Count value in the CLJN message from k (i.e., the cluster size). 5. Operation TBD. 6. Other Considerations TBD. References [1] C. Perkins, E. Belding-Royer and S. Das, "Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing," RFC 3561, July 2003. [2] S. Ahn, "Architecture for MANET Clustering," draft-ahn-manet- clustering-architecture-00.txt, Dec. 2012. Author's Address Sanghyun Ahn University of Seoul 90, Cheonnong-dong, Tongdaemun-gu Seoul 130-743 Korea Email: ahn@uos.ac.kr Ahn Expires May 27, 2013 [Page 6]